Karl Rappan was an Austrian player who will always be remembered by the football world for his contributions to coaching and discovery of ‘The bolt’ tactics.
Karl Rappan started his coaching career in Servette FC while playing as a forward. It was a semi-professional club so it struggled to compete against the professional foreign clubs and often had to swallow a lot of goals. That’s why Rappan came up with the new ‘The Bolt’ technique.
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Most of the clubs’ formation at that time was based on the “WM” system, but Rappan played his wing-halves as the wing-backs and formed a strong back four. With this change in defence line, the full-backs became two centre-halves and concentrated solely on the middle of the defensive line. If the attacks started to come from the right, the right centre half went with the right back to close him down but even then there was one spare defender left to close down space in the middle.
It was defensively a lot more stable than the classic 2-3-5 formation. The tactic was to soak in the pressure of opposition and catch them on the counter-attack. His plan at Servette FC worked, their ultra-defensive method helped them to stop and defeat the big teams.
Karl Rappan retired from his playing career shortly after his stint at Servette and became a full-time manager. He went on to coach Swiss club Grasshopper and the Switzerland national team and he stuck with his ‘The Bolt’ tactic. It was a major hit in the Swiss League, he won the Swiss Cup 7 times with Grasshopper. While representing Switzerland, he made the tactic even more famous. Switzerland beat England just before the 1938 World cup and Germany in the World Cup’s first round.
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Rappan’s tactic became a huge part of the Italian football when Salernitana coach Giuseppe Viani brought a little modified version of ‘The bolt’, famously known as ‘Catenaccio’. The word ‘Catenaccio’ meant ‘the chain on the door’ in Italian. This tactic helped his team to gain a promotion in 1947. It became a hit after Rocco used this ‘Catenaccio’ at AC Milan and successfully won the ‘European Cup’ in 1963. Hererra’s Internazionale rose to success with ‘catenaccio’ as well.
Karl Rappan was a great footballing mind who started the idea of having four players at the back and form a defensive line, which is now used by almost every club. Rappan’s coaching style brought on the collective effort on the pitch rather than individual brilliance and showed that a defensive approach can also be beautiful to watch.
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Karl Rappan: An innovating mind who brought 'The Bolt' tactic in football - Sports-nova
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